When blood is shed, the platelets disintegrate and liberate thromboplastin. Certain amount of thromboplastin is also derived from the damaged tissues of the injured locality. Thromboplastin converts prothrombin into thrombin with the help of calcium ions and thrombin interacts with fibrinogen forming fibrin. This is the clot. Clotting of blood is also known as the coagulation of blood.
Normally,
Prothrombin+Calcium ions+Fibrinogen----------------->Nil
After shedding of blood:
Thromboplastin + Prothrombin + Calcium ions--------------------------> Thrombin
Thrombin + Fibrinogen-------------------> Fibrin (Clot)
Since 1940, research work has indicated that the clotting mechanisms is a complex process. In 1954 an international committee was established. The committee suggested an international system of nomenclature time to time with the appearance of new factors.There are 13 clotting factors i.e I to XIII.
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