Biology: Important Roots (Part-I)

a-	without, not, negative (asexual, atrophy, asymmetry)
ab-	away from (aboral, abductor, absorption)
ad-, af-, an-, at-	to or toward (adrenal, adductor, adaptation, afferent, atrium)
adipo-	fat (adipose)
aero-	air, gas, oxygen (aerobic, anaerobic, aerial)
alba-	white (albicans)
ambi-, amphi-	both, double (ambidextrous, amphibian, amphioxus
ana-	apart (anaphase)
ante-, antero-	before, previous to (anterior, anteroposterior)
anti-	against (antibody, antimere)
arthro-	joint (arthropod, arthritis)
auto-	self (autoimmune, autonomic, autosome, autonomy)
bio-	life, live (biology, biogenesis, biogeography)
bis-, bi-	two, double (bisect, bivalve, biramous, bilateral)
blast-	germ (blastoderm, blastula)
brachi-	arm (brachial, brachiopoda)
-brevis	short (peroneus brevis)
bronchi-	windpipe (bronchiole)
-bulla	blister (tympanic bulla)
capit	head (rectus capitis)
cata-	down (catabolism)
cauda-	tail (caudal, caudata)
cephalo-, cranio-	head (cephalothorax, cephalic, craniosacral)
chemo-	chemical (chemoreceptor)
chondr-	cartilage, granule (chondrocyte, mitochondrion)
circum-	around, about (circumpharyngeal)
-clast	to break (osteoclast)
co-	with, together (coenzyme, commensal, convergent)
-cost	rib (intercostal)
-cox	hip (os coxae)
cruci-	cross (cruciate)
cubit-	elbow (cubital)
cyto-	cell (cytology, cytoplasm, spermatocyte)
de-, des-	from, away, lost (dehydration, descending)
delta-	triangle (deltoideus)
dent-	tooth (dentine)
derm-	skin (dermal, ectoderm, echinoderm)
dextr-	right hand (dextrin)
di-	two, double (dihybrid, dimorphic, diencephalon)
dia-	across, through (diaphragm)

diplo-	double (diploid)
-duct	lead (oviduct, duct)
duo-	two (duodenum)
dura-	hard (dura mater)
e-, ex-, ef-	out of, from (efferent, excurrent, excretion)
ecto-	on the outside of, outer (ectoderm, ectoparasite)
en-, endo-	in, inside (endoderm)
entero-	intestine, gut (enteric, archenteron)
epi-	upon, above (epigenesis, epithelium, epidermis)
erythro-	red (erythrocyte)
eu-	true, well, real (eucaryote)
ex-, extra-	beyond, additional, outside of (excretion, extracellular)
-fer	bear, carry, possess (porifera, rotifera, afferent)
-flex	bending, turning (reflex, circumflex)
-gaster-	stomach (gastrula, gastropoda, gastric)
gene-, gen-	producing (genetic)
-glossa-	tongue (hypoglossal, genioglossus)
haplo-	single, simple (haploid)
hem-, heme-	blood (hemoglobin, hematoma)
hemi-	half (hemisphere, hemichordate)

hepato-	liver (hepatic)
hetero-	other, different (heterozygous, heterogamy)
histo-	tissue (histology)
holo-	entire, whole (holocrine, holoblastic, holozoic)
homo-	alike, same, equal (homozygous, homology)
hydro-, hygro-	water (hydrolysis)
hyper-	above (hyperthyroid, hyperkinetic)
hypo-	under (hypovolemic, hypodermic)
-ia, -id, -osis, -tion, -y-	state of, condition (myopia, gravid)
im-, in-	in (implant, ingest, inherit)
infra-	below (infrared, infraspinatus)
inter-	between (intercostal, intervertebral)
intra-, intro-	into (intracellular, introduction)
iso-	same, equal to (isothermic, isotonic)
-ist, -or, -er, -ite	agent of (anatomist)
itis-	inflammation (gastritis, neuritis, hepatitis)
lact-	milk (lactation)
later-, latus-	side (lateral)
leuco-	white (leucocyte)
lingua-	tongue (lingual)